Spectroscopy with STM
The STM allows two types of spectroscopic measurements. Measuring the first derivative of the tunneling current against the applied bias voltage, called STS (scanning tunneling spectroscopy), gives rise to the electronic structure of the sample. Measuring the second derivative, called IETS (inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy), gives information about the vibrational excitation of the surface and adsorbed molecules.
Controlled manipulation of single atoms and small molecules using the scanning tunnelling microscope
This article reviews manipulation of single molecules by
scanning tunnelling microscopes, in particular vertical manip-
ulation, lateral manipulation, and inelastic electron tunnelling
(IET) manipulation.