Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. ex. Gordon

Tree: evergreen; erect; 25 m maximum height; monoecious. Trunk: 1.9 m maximum diameter. Bark: white, grey, red or brown; smooth – scaly, or furrowed. Crown: rather open; columnar to narrowly or widely conical (pyramidal). Branches: ascending, horizontal, or drooping. Ultimate branchlets: 1–2 mm wide; 5–20 mm long; arranged 3-dimensionally; in cross-section roundish or quadrangular.

 

Leaves: only adult leaves on adult plants; scaly. Scale leaves: 1–3 mm long; 0.8–2 mm wide; arranged oppositely; bright – dark green; closely appressed; only one type of leaves (no differentiation in lateral and facial leaves = monomorphic); tip blunt; with inconspicuous or without glands; without white resin; dorsal side rounded; tip curved inwards.

 

Male cones: 4–6 mm long; 2.5–3 mm wide; solitary; 6–14 male cone scales; 3–7 male cone scale whorls; oblong; yellow or bright brown. Male cone scales: arranged oppositely; 6–10 pollen sacs per male cone scale.

 

Female cones: 20–40 mm long; 20–35 mm wide; 8–14 cone scales; depressed-globose, 2-lobed, ovoid, or globose; cone-like (open after maturity); woody; not disintegrating after maturity; reddish, bright, or dark; young cones greenish. Female cone scales: arranged oppositely; inserted on different levels in mature cones; without several small additional cone scales on the female cone; tip blunt; with small dorsal umbo; umbo more or less in the centre. Columella: absent.

 

Seeds: 3.5–6 mm long; 3.5–7 mm wide; 110–150 seeds per cone; red, bright – dark brown, or black; 15–25 seeds per female cone scale; flattened; tubercled; with conspicuous hilum. Seed wings: 0.8–2 mm wide; 2 (almost) equal wings.

 

Supplement: maturity in the second year; 3–5 cotyledones; 22 chromosomes (2n), or 44 chromosomes (4n). Cultivation: cultivated in Germany; cultivated outdoor in the Ruhr Area (hardiness zone 7); Distribution: North America: USA. IUCN Red List: not listed. Synonyms: Cupressus lambertiana hort. ex Carrière, Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. ex Gordon var. lambertiana (Carrière) Mast., Cupressus hartwegii Carrière. Common name: Monterey Cypress (ENG).